IITK Online PG Program

Module ID	Module Title	Credit	Description	Content
SEE901	Energy Sustainability: An Overview	5	The objective of this course is to make working professionals understand the importance of energy in the context of human development and its consequences in a broader sense. The course will cover the evolution and types of energy technologies, the role of materials, mining, and manufacturing. It will also teach the issues created by the increasing energy demand coupled with increasing population and changing lifestyles, environmental issues caused by growing energy demand and global warming, carbon emissions, and sequestration and finally, the possible decarbonization pathways for a sustainable future.	● Climate change and role of energy: Understanding Climate Change: Science, Impacts and Mitigation Options Energy Overview in Global and Indian context and its impact on environment ● Fundamental concepts of energy: Definitions, Basic thermodynamics, Measuring efficiency of energy systems and units Energy balance table and Sankey diagram ● Energy Demand: Demand rise – and impact on carbon generation Industrial: Role of industrial emissions, Major sectors and trends, Energy Efficiency pathways (Steel sector and other hard to abate sectors) Transport: Contribution to overall emissions, Mitigation plans, Role of technologies and standards Buildings: Contribution to overall emissions, The need for energy efficiency, Initiatives and Schemes by Government and Utilities: Opportunities and Barriers ● Supply: Major sources of energy generation and related emissions, Expected scenarios – global and Indian Solar: Solar as an energy source: various technologies and Relative Costs, Global Projections and India’s potential, Expected challenges and barriers Others: Wind, Hydro, Nuclear ● Storage and integration challenges: Role of storage including duck curve, Storage technologies, Renewable energy integration challenges in the grid ● Alternate Mitigation Strategies: The need for CCUS (carbon capture utilization and storage) and technology update ● Carbon calculations and Net Zero: General understanding of LCA analysis and role in carbon calculations Net Zero and Global Climate Discussions: What do we mean by Net Zero? Definition as per some standards, COP commitments
CE902	Corrosion in Engineering Materials and Prevention	5	The module explores advanced concepts of battery technologies, supercapacitors, and various energy storage systems. Topics include electrochemical behavior, battery electrode reactions, materials, configurations, and performance analysis. It is beneficial for students and professionals in energy, materials, and electrical engineering fields who seek to understand or work with modern energy storage technologies.	● Maximum Theoretical Specific Energy (MTSE) ● Coulombic Efficiency ● Cycling Behavior ● Transference Number ● Types of Battery Electrode Reactions ● Discharge Curves and the Gibbs Phase Rule ● Binary and Ternary Electrodes ● Phase Diagrams and Discharge Curves ● Cases: Li-Bi, Li-I2, Li-Sb, Li-Cu-Cl ● Components of Batteries ● Insertion and convertible electrode reactions in batteries ● Positive electrodes for Li-ion batteries: Olivine (LiMPO₄), LiMO₂, Spinel (LiMn₂O₄), Sulfur and other materials ● Negative electrodes for Li-ion batteries: Based on insertion, alloying, conversion and alloying-conversion reactions ● Examples: Graphite, Sn, Si, and other metal oxides ● Electrolytes for Li-ion Batteries: Requirements, Organic liquid electrolyte, Dry polymer electrolyte, Gel polymer electrolyte, Solid electrolytes based on Sulfides and Oxides ● Battery Configuration & Fabrication ● Conventional batteries with liquid electrolyte ● Passive Components ● All-Solid-State Batteries and other types ● Batteries Based on Other Chemistries: Sodium-Ion, Zinc-Air, Pb-Acid, Ni-Metal Hydride Batteries, etc. ● Supercapacitors ● Supercapacitors and its working principle ● Types of supercapacitors ● Criteria of materials selection for electrodes ● Cycling and performance characteristics ● Difference between battery and supercapacitor ● Hybrid battery/supercapacitor energy storage system ● Prospects and challenges ● Thermal Energy Storage ● Solar pond ● Sensible thermal energy storage ● Phase change thermal energy storage ● Thermal analyses of the storage ● Integration with solar thermal systems ● Pumped-hydro Energy Storage ● Basic concepts ● Design and preliminary analyses of pumped-hydro energy storage ● System efficiency calculation
SEE903	Solar Photovoltaics	5	The module provides a comprehensive understanding of how solar cells function, including the physics and optoelectronic processes that underpin them. It introduces various types of solar cells, photovoltaic characterization techniques, and system design. Key concepts such as semiconductor physics, charge transport, recombination, p-n junction behavior, and device characterization will be discussed. The module also explores the evolution and economics of solar cells, different generations of technologies (Si, thin film, perovskite), and design approaches from solar cell to PV module to complete systems. This course is beneficial for students and professionals interested in renewable energy, particularly those working in energy systems, electrical engineering, and sustainability-related domains.	● Introduction to solar cells: History of solar cells, economics, current status, emerging technologies, and recent developments Solar spectrum, the concept of air mass ● Basics of semiconductors: What are semiconductors? Origin of bandgap Direct and indirect bandgap semiconductors Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors and their properties ● Optoelectronic processes in solar cells: Optical absorption, generation, and recombination in semiconductors Charge transport, charge extraction, contacts, continuity equation ● P-N junction: Basics of PN Junction and Band Diagram Operation of p-n junction in forward and reverse bias, depletion width Drift-diffusion currents, I-V characteristics of P-N junction in Dark and Light ● Device characterization of solar cells: Open circuit voltage, short circuit current, fill factor, efficiency Quantum efficiency, equivalent circuit of a solar cell, series and shunt resistance Diffusion length, and the effect of recombination processes Characterization (I-V testing, solar simulators, EQE, IQE, IPCE, EL, PL imaging etc.) Hands-on exposure ● Brief overview of different types of solar cells: First-generation technologies: Primarily Si-based and GaAs + Multijunction Second-generation technologies (low cost): Thin films (a-Si, CdTe, CIGS) Third generation (high efficiency and low cost): Organic and perovskite solar cells Multi-junction Cells, BIPV ● PV Module Design: Migration from solar cells to modules to systems BIPV: present status and outlook ● PV system design: Overview of designing a PV system
SEE904	Wind and Hydro Energy	5	This course will equip participants with the basics of green energy technologies like wind and hydro energy. The course will address the potential of such energy harvesting methods in India and worldwide, along with the possible solutions available and future directions. An overview of the challenges associated with the existing technologies will be discussed. Laboratory demonstrations of scaled models of horizontal as well as vertical axis wind turbines will be conducted. The basics of computations will be presented.	● Introduction to wind and hydro energy: ● Advantages of green energy ● Potential of green energy worldwide and in India ● Fundamentals of wind power: ● Overview of wind meteorology ● Wind data measurements and correlations ● Wind power capture and efficiency in extracting wind power ● Wind Turbine Technologies: ● Aerodynamics of wind turbines ● Types of wind turbines and applications ● Transmission and power generation systems ● Horizontal Axis and Vertical Axis Wind Turbines: ● Aerodynamics of HAWT: Momentum methods ● Working principle: Lift Vs Drag based VAWT, Power coefficient ● VAWT Design: Aerofoil choice, geometric, kinematic and dynamic design parameters ● Experimental methods for design and power estimations ● Offshore Wind Turbines: ● Off-shore Wind Turbines ● Challenges and benefits ● Hydro Turbines: ● Hydrodynamics of hydro turbines ● Safety and Environmental impact ● Mini hydro turbines ● Numerical Methodology: ● Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics ● Numerical Simulation of Wind/Hydro Turbines ● Impact of atmosphere on turbine performances
SEE905	Hydrogen Energy: Generation, Storage and Utilization	5	The module provides an in-depth understanding of the hydrogen energy ecosystem, including generation, storage, transportation, and utilization. It explores the role of hydrogen in decarbonization and highlights national and global initiatives such as the National Hydrogen Mission. The course also covers the design of technological devices related to hydrogen systems and their various applications across thermal, chemical, and electrochemical domains.	● Introduction: Overview of a hydrogen-based economy/eco-system and hydrogen energy Role of hydrogen in decarbonization Essential components of the hydrogen energy ecosystem: production, storage, transportation, and conversion National hydrogen mission and other initiatives ● Hydrogen Production: Electrochemical methods (5 lectures): Electrolysis, basic electrochemistry, device/system design Electrolysis of water/ammonia for hydrogen production Thermochemical methods (3 lectures): Pyrolysis and gasification processes from renewable sources Thermodynamics and design Thermochemical splitting of water/ammonia Photochemical (2 lectures): Photochemical water splitting ● Hydrogen Storage and Transportation: Fundamentals of methods for hydrogen storage Materials, devices, and protocols for hydrogen storage Materials, devices, and protocols for hydrogen transportation ● Applications/Utilization of Hydrogen: Electrical/Electrochemical (5 lectures): Fuel cells, co-generation, combined heat, and power Thermal (3 lectures): Heating, cooling, hydrogen-based power generation cycles Chemical (1 lecture): As a chemical reagent in metal refining and other reactions
SEE906	Manufacturing Technologies for Solar Photovoltaics	5	Energy harvesting using solar photovoltaic systems is rapidly becoming ubiquitous and constitutes an essential element for realizing the vision of reliable and economically sustainable energy generation. It is imperative to develop these systems, which will not only assist in the efficient utilization of renewable energy but also in achieving energy security. The proposed course intends to provide an understanding of the manufacturing of these energy harvesting solutions.	● Introduction: Introduction to energy harvesting systems such as solar PV Introduction to thin films, vacuum science and technologies ● Raw Material Processing: Refining, processing, and manufacturing of silicon and glass ● General Processing Techniques: Lithography Dry etching Wet etching Vapor deposition (physical and chemical) Electroplating Oxide growth Large-area coatings ● Solar Cell Manufacturing: Crystalline Si ingot growth, slicing of ingots Wafer processing Diffusion/Ion implantation Screen printing of contacts Wiring of contacts Encapsulation Glass cover Al frame incorporation ● PV Module Manufacturing: Module circuit design Cell packaging Heat dissipation Module degradation and failure modes ● Process Development: Design of experiments methodologies Process monitoring, and control
SEE907	Manufacturing of Batteries and Hydrogen Systems	5	Energy conversion and storage systems such as fuel cells, batteries, and supercapacitors constitute an essential element for realizing the vision of reliable and economic sustainable energy. It is imperative to develop these systems, which will not only assist in the efficient utilization of renewable energy but also in the successful transition to electric vehicles. The proposed course intends to provide an understanding of the manufacturing of these aforementioned energy conversion and storage solutions.	● Introduction: Introduction to energy conversion and storage systems such as fuel cells, hydrogen systems, batteries, and supercapacitors Introduction to thin films, vacuum science and technologies ● Raw Material Processing: Refining, processing, and manufacturing ● General Processing Techniques: Vapor deposition (physical and chemical) Electroplating Large-area coatings ● Battery Manufacturing: Batteries: Types, working principle, basic concepts, components Devices: Current trends in battery manufacturing, Coin cells, Pouch cells, and Cylindrical cells Conventional rechargeable batteries with liquid electrolyte Active & Passive electrode components Electrode coating, calendaring and assembly of prototype coin cell Assembly of pouch cells Solid-state batteries and metal-air batteries ● Fuel Cell Manufacturing: Fuel cells: Types, working principle, basic concepts, components Proton exchange membrane Fuel cells: Configurations, fabrication of electrolyte-supported anode, cathode, membrane ● Hydrogen Systems: Electrolyzers: Working principle, basic concepts, components ● Process Development: Design of experiments methodologies, process monitoring, and control
SEE908	Characterization of Materials	5	The main objective of this course is to make the students learn different structural and compositional characterization methods, including fundamental principles, how to analyze the data, and how to avoid making common mistakes that can lead to erroneous interpretations.	● Essentials of materials: structure and composition Materials tetrahedron: basic principles Basics of crystal structures Bonding in materials and materials classes Defects in Materials Structural forms: Single crystals, polycrystals and amorphous Phases and phase equilibrium Effect of composition on phases and correlation with key properties ● Structure Determination using X-ray Diffraction Fundamentals of diffraction X-rays generation X-ray diffraction: powder diffraction, phase identification, Scherrer formula, strain, and grain size determination, texture determination ● Microstructural and Compositional Characterization Fundamentals of Imaging: magnification, resolution, depth of field and depth of focus, aberration, and astigmatism Optical microscopy Fundamentals of SEM: imaging modes, image contrast, illustrative applications Imaging with TEM: Contrast mechanisms, BF, DF, Weak beam DF images X-ray spectroscopy (Energy and wavelength dispersive spectroscopy (EDS and WDS), Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA)) Surface probe microscopy (AFM, STM, and other modes) ● Vibrational and Optical Spectroscopic Techniques Vibrational Spectroscopy (Raman and FTIR spectroscopy) Optical spectroscopy: UV-Vis-NIR and ellipsometer spectroscopy ● Thermal Analysis Techniques Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) Thermogravimetric Analysis Dilatometry
SEE909	Energy Systems: Modelling and Analysis	5	The broad aim of this course is to acquaint with various energy systems through their modelling, design, and techno-economic analysis aspects.	● Solar Photovoltaic System Introduction I-V characteristics and maximum power point Modelling and system design: stand-alone & grid-connected systems Applications: power generation, water pumping, and irrigation ● Solar Thermal System Introduction Basics thermodynamics Conservation of mass, momentum, and energy Non-concentrating and concentrating systems Design of heat exchangers e.g. receiver, condenser, thermal energy storage Applications: heating, cooling, and power generation ● Wind Energy-based Systems Introduction Types of wind turbines and generators Power in the wind Maximum rotor efficiency Average power with wind statistics Energy generation ● Fuel Cells System Introduction Overview Types of fuel cells Energy balance in fuel cells Integration of fuel cells with co-generation and combined heat and power plants
SEE910	Smart Grid	5	This course will equip students with the basics of renewable energy technologies, grid integration studies, concepts on microgrids operation and controls, smart grid technologies and communications along with exposure to real-time simulations and hardware-in-the-loop case studies.	● Smart Grid Technologies: Smart Grid overview Smart Grid architecture & design Smart Grid measurement technology Smart Grid communication technology Smart Grid standards and protocols Interoperability & associated standards ● Renewable Energy Integration and Electricity Markets: Maximum power point operation of Solar and Wind renewable technologies Grid Integration challenges of renewables Short term Electricity market Power exchanges Renewable energy certificates Cross border energy trading ● Microgrids: Fundamentals and architecture of microgrids Types of microgrids Hierarchical control of microgrids Grid-connected and isolated operation of microgrids Challenges with Microgrids and Solutions Demand Response, ADMS Features Real Time Simulation and Hardware in the loop Case Studies
SEE911	Electric Vehicle Technologies	5	This course will equip students with the basics of electric vehicles (EV), battery storage technologies and charging algorithms, EV charging technologies with detailed converter analysis, and EV drives.	● Basics of Electric Vehicles Introduction Comparison between EV & ICEV Types of EVs, vehicle fundamentals Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) Range extended EVs (REEVs) Configurations of EVs Motor drive technologies Battery technologies Vehicle to grid technologies and charging technologies ● Energy Storage Systems ● EV Charging Classification of EV chargers Charger topologies Single phase boost PFC – analysis, design, and control Three phase on-board charger Bidirectional dual active bridge converter (DAB) Fast charging stations Vehicle to grid charging ● EV Motor Drives Induction motor drive Brushless DC motor drive Permanent magnet synchronous motor drive Switched reluctance motor drive Synchronous reluctance motor drive DC motor drive
SEE912	Autonomous Driving & Industrial Automation	5	This course provides an in-depth exploration of the principles, technologies and applications of autonomous driving and industrial automation. It covers the fundamentals of autonomous vehicles, sensor fusion, perceptual sensors, motion planning, and industrial automation processes. The course emphasizes both theoretical concepts and practical implementation aspects through hands-on projects and case studies.	● AI, Autonomous Driving and Automation: AI and autonomous driving Introduction to autonomous driving Historical overview and current state of the field Applications and impact on various industries Taxonomy of driving Driving decisions and actions Computing hardware Software Basics of programming ● Sensor Fusion for Perception: Sensors and computing hardware LIDAR sensor Sensor data processing and filtering techniques Multi-integration and data fusion Kalman filtering and estimation AI and deep learning methods for perceptual inference in autonomous driving ● Motion Planning and Decision Making: Trajectory generation and path planning Collision avoidance and obstacle detection Decision-making algorithms Rule-based systems Path search algorithms V2X communication ● Industrial Automation Processes: Overview of industrial automation systems Use of perceptual systems Robotic manipulators Robotic systems for automation

Renewable Energy and E-Mobility (REEM)